Supreme Court
Supreme Court Revisited Definition of ‘State’ Under Article 12; Overruled 1975 Verdict, Declares CSIR as State Instrumentality
Seven-Judge Bench Establishes Comprehensive Tests to Determine ‘State’ Status, Extends Fundamental Rights Protections to...
Supreme Court Rules No Fixed Time Limit for Speedy Trial; Rejects Judicially Imposed Bars of Limitation
Seven-Judge Bench reaffirms right to speedy trial under Article 21 but holds courts cannot acquit accused solely due to ...
Curative Petitions - Supreme Court of India Affirms Finality of Its Judgments but Opens Door for Rare Curative Petitions to Prevent Miscarriage of Justice
Constitution Bench Ruled that while writ petitions under Article 32 cannot challenge Supreme Court’s final orders, the C...
Supreme Court Upholds Amendments to Civil Procedure Code to Expedite Justice Delivery
Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India, Validated Section 89 on Alternative Dispute Resolution, clarifies summ...
Supreme Court Upholds Criminal Liability for Bigamy Despite Conversion to Islam
Conversion to Islam solely to solemnize second marriage without dissolving first Hindu marriage remains void and punisha...
Supreme Court Affirms Equal Guardianship Rights of Mothers Under Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act
Supreme Court Rules That “After the Father” in Section 6(a) of the Act Means “In Absence Of,” Upholding Gender Equality ...
Supreme Court Upholds Removal of Officer for Sexual Harassment, Emphasizes Zero Tolerance at Workplace
Top court sets precedent affirming strict disciplinary action against sexual harassment, underscoring protection of wome...
Supreme Court Strikes Down Key Provisions of 42nd Constitutional Amendment, Upholds Basic Structure Doctrine
Landmark Minerva Mills judgment declares Sections 4 and 55 of the 42nd Amendment unconstitutional for violating the Cons...
Supreme Court Issues Landmark Guidelines to Prevent Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace
In the absence of specific legislation, the Vishaka Judgment mandates employers to ensure safe and dignified working con...
Supreme Court Rules Government Land in Scheduled Areas Cannot Be Transferred to Non-Tribals; Upholds Tribal Land Protection Laws
In landmark judgment in Samatha v. State of Andhra Pradesh, Supreme Court holds that the term "person" under Andhra Prad...
Supreme Court Upholds Judicial Review as Part of Constitution’s Basic Structure, Directs High Court Oversight on Administrative Tribunals
Constitutional Bench Rules Articles 323A and 323B Cannot Exclude High Courts’ Jurisdiction Under Articles 226/227 and Su...
Supreme Court Declines to Intervene in Personal Laws, Urges Legislature to Take Up Reforms
In landmark rulings, SC dismisses public interest litigations challenging discriminatory provisions in Muslim, Hindu, an...
Supreme Court Rules on Refund of Excise Duty: Upholds Constitutional Mandate, Limits Claims to Specific Provisions
Nine-Judge Bench clarifies refund claims under Central Excise Act, emphasizes burden of proof on manufacturer, and strik...
Supreme Court of India Lays Down Landmark Guidelines to Prevent Custodial Torture and Deaths, Mandates Compensation for Victims
In a historic verdict in D.K. Basu v. State of West Bengal, the Supreme Court emphasizes safeguarding fundamental rights...
Supreme Court Orders Strict Measures to Curb Tanneries’ Pollution in Tamil Nadu, Upholds “Polluter Pays” and “Precautionary” Principles
Landmark judgment mandates closure of non-compliant tanneries, establishment of pollution control authority, and compens...
Supreme Court Upholds Constitutionality of Sections 306 and 309 IPC, Rejects ‘Right to Die’ Under Article 21
Five-Judge Constitution Bench overturns earlier two-judge bench ruling, clarifies that Article 21 protects the right to ...
Supreme Court Orders Interim Compensation in Rape and Abandonment Case Involving Lecturer and Student
Landmark Judgment Recognizes Right to Interim Maintenance for Victim Amidst Criminal Trial; Highlights Rape as a Violati...
Supreme Court Restores FIR in High-Profile Case of Outraging Woman’s Modesty, Sets Guidelines on Quashing Criminal Proceedings
Top Court holds that slapping a woman’s posterior at a social gathering amounts to outraging modesty under IPC Sections ...
Supreme Court Upholds Right of Sports Organisers to Telecast Events, Calls for Independent Authority to Regulate Broadcasting Frequencies
Landmark Judgment Affirms Freedom of Speech Includes Right to Telecast Sports; Government Monopoly on Broadcasting Shoul...
Supreme Court Declares Second Marriage by Hindu Husband After Conversion to Islam as Void Under IPC Section 494
The judgment clarified that the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 strictly enforces monogamy and provides specific grounds under ...
Supreme Court Quashes Declaration of Jamaat-E-Islami Hind as Unlawful Association, Emphasizes Judicial Scrutiny and Natural Justice Under UAPA
SC Rules Tribunal Must Conduct Objective Adjudication with Credible Evidence, Upholds Right to Fair Hearing Despite Publ...
Supreme Court Upholds Press Freedom to Publish Life Story of Condemned Prisoner with Privacy Safeguards
SC rules that freedom of press under Article 19(1)(a) allows publication of public records and autobiographies, but unau...
Supreme Court of India Defines Constitutional Limits on Article 356 and Upholds Secularism as Basic Structure of the Constitution
Landmark S.R. Bommai Judgment Emphasizes Judicial Review of Presidential Proclamations and Protects Federalism and Democ...
Supreme Court Restores Primacy of Chief Justice of India in Judicial Appointments and Transfers
Nine-Judge Bench Overrules Majority Opinion in S.P. Gupta Case, Emphasizes Judiciary’s Role to Safeguard Independence an...
Supreme Court Awards Compensation for Custodial Death, Upholds State Liability under Article 21
Landmark Verdict in Nilabati Behera v. State of Orissa Recognizes Compensation as a Constitutional Remedy for Violation ...
Supreme Court Reaffirms Right to Education up to Age 14, Strikes Down Unrestricted Management Admissions in Andhra Pradesh Private Colleges
Landmark Judgment Clarifies Constitutional Right to Free Education, Limits Private Institution Rights, and Declares Sect...
Supreme Court Upholds Anti-Defection Law, Strikes Down Para 7 of Tenth Schedule for Lack of State Ratification
Majority affirms constitutional validity of anti-defection provisions except for ouster clause barring judicial review; ...
Supreme Court Upholds Minority Rights of St. Stephen’s College but Restricts Preferential Admission for Minority Students in Aided Institutions
Court affirms St. Stephen’s College as a Christian minority institution with right to administer admissions via intervie...
Supreme Court Rules State Government Cannot Lease Coal Slurry Deposits; Central Government Has Exclusive Regulatory Authority
Coal slurry classified as mineral under Mines and Minerals Act, 1957; State of Bihar’s leases for slurry collection decl...
Supreme Court Upholds Constitutional Validity of Expenditure Tax Act, 1987, Distinguishing It from State Luxury Taxes
Large Bench clarifies legislative competence of Union Parliament under Entry 97 of List I, rejecting challenge that Expe...
Supreme Court Rules Renusagar Power Company as Hindalco’s “Own Source of Generation” for Electricity Duty Levy
Landmark judgment permits lifting of corporate veil, affirms electricity duty applicability, and clarifies scope of gove...
Supreme Court Sets Aside Its 1984 Direction Transferring Corruption Trial of Former Maharashtra CM Antulay from Special Court to High Court
Seven-Judge Bench Rules Transfer Was Without Jurisdiction, Violated Constitutional Rights; Trial Must Proceed Under Spec...
Supreme Court Declares Price Fixation Under Drugs (Prices Control) Order, 1979 as Legislative Activity; Emphasizes Consumer Interest and Urges Timely Disposal of Review Applications
SC Rules That Principles of Natural Justice Do Not Apply to Price Fixation; Manufacturers Entitled to Relevant Informati...
Supreme Court Expands Social Action Litigation Scope, Holds Hazardous Industry Strictly Liable for Harm; Opens Doors for Compensation Claims Under Article 32
In Landmark Judgment on Oleum Gas Leak, SC Emphasizes Absolute Liability of Hazardous Enterprises and Broadens Access to...
Supreme Court Directs Maharashtra to Strengthen Juvenile Observation Homes, Recognizes Children Aid Society as State Instrumentality
Landmark judgment emphasizes need for specially trained judicial officers and stringent enforcement of child welfare law...
Supreme Court Upholds Right to Livelihood as Part of Right to Life, Sets Conditions on Eviction of Bombay Pavement and Slum Dwellers
In landmark judgment, Supreme Court rules that eviction of pavement and slum dwellers without fair procedure violates Ar...